Which tool helps designers evaluate spatial relationships between functions in a project?

• A. Gantt chart
• B. Adjacency matrix or bubble diagram
• C. Construction drawing set
• D. Cost-benefit analysis

Answer: (B)

Focusing on how spaces relate to one another is best addressed with diagrams that map proximity and connections. An adjacency matrix records for each pair of spaces whether they should be near, adjacent, or kept separate, turning relationships into a testable grid. A bubble diagram uses simple shapes to represent each space and shows which areas should connect or stay close through proximity cues. These tools let designers quickly explore different layouts, test circulation, and ensure key adjacencies—like keeping the kitchen near dining or a quiet work zone away from noisy areas—before refining the plan. The other tools serve different purposes: a Gantt chart organizes the project schedule, a construction drawing set communicates exact dimensions and construction details, and a cost-benefit analysis weighs financial trade-offs rather than spatial relationships.